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Understanding the Evolving Security Threats Facing Family Offices in 2025 

Written by Peter Connolly - CEO | Apr 8, 2025 1:36:13 PM

Family offices, responsible for managing substantial wealth and assets, are increasingly becoming prime targets for a diverse range of security risks. From sophisticated cyber -attacks to insider threats, family offices are facing a complex and evolving risk landscape that threatens both their financial well-being and long -term legacy. 

With rising global tensions, advanced cyber crime, and a growing reliance on third-party service providers, family offices must take immediate, proactive steps to safeguard their assets, protect sensitive data, and ensure business continuity.  

This blog outlines the key security threats family offices face and offers actionable strategies to address them in an increasingly hostile environment. 

Primary Security Threats:

Nation-State Actors

Key Threat: Geopolitical Tensions and Espionage-Driven Attacks 

The threat landscape for family offices remains dominated by nation-state actors, who continue to exploit the privacy and activities of the principal and their family office for strategic purposes.  

The connection between serious organised crime and state-sponsored actors is closer than ever. Cyber attacks like ransomware, which may seem purely financial at first, are increasingly being used to steal data for espionage. This shift raises the stakes for family offices, as stolen information is no longer just about profit - it can be sold to the highest bidder or used for strategic advantage. 

Recommendations: 

  • Ensure regular patching of all systems and applications to address vulnerabilities that may be exploited by nation-state actors. Delays in updates will create opportunities for attackers.  
  • Employ advanced encryption technologies to secure sensitive data. 
  • Partner with security experts to build tailored threat detection and response systems, enabling the identification of potential nation-state activity early on. This should include monitoring for signs of cyber espionage or advanced persistent threats (APTs).

Cyber Security Threats: Ransomware, Phishing and more

Key Threat: Financial Loss and Data Breaches 

While family offices are often low-profile and may not have a public-facing website, they are still a target for cyber criminals.  

If they are breached, it's often due to the exploitation of data that has surfaced on the dark web or because cyber criminals have identified an opportunity. Even in the absence of direct visibility, criminal actors may notice vulnerabilities or potential value and, if systems are weak, automated crawlers can exploit them. This is why it is critical to implement robust firewalls and conduct thorough system security checks to close any potential gaps. 

Phishing attacks, whether through email account compromise, voice phishing, or social engineering, are another major concern. Family office staff, often less familiar with the threat landscape and security best practices, are prime targets for these types of attacks. When successful, phishing can lead to the compromise of financial accounts, intellectual property, and other confidential information. 

Recommendations: 

  • Implement multi-layered cyber security defences, including strong firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and secure data storage practices. 
  • Train staff on recognising and responding to phishing attempts. 

Regularly update security software and perform vulnerability assessments to reduce exposure to emerging threats.

Insider Threats

Key Threat: Damage from Trusted Personnel 

Insider threats are among the most significant yet often overlooked risks for family offices. They can cause severe and lasting damage, particularly when trusted personnel have direct access to sensitive financial, personal, and business data. Given the long-term relationships family offices typically build with employees, advisors, and managers, these individuals naturally gain significant trust and access over time. 

Disgruntled staff, those facing financial difficulties, or even well-meaning individuals who make poor decisions can exploit their privileged access, causing considerable harm. 

For small businesses, the impact of insider threats can be especially severe. A data breach, for instance, can be far more damaging due to an insider’s deep access to critical information. These attacks often occur after several years of employment, typically when the individual holds a managerial or senior role. With detailed knowledge of internal controls, systems, and processes, they are well-positioned to identify and exploit vulnerabilities, planning and executing their actions with precision. 

Recommendations: 

  • Implement strong access control policies to limit data exposure to only those who need it. 
  • Conduct comprehensive background checks and regular security training for all personnel. 
  • Establish clear channels for reporting suspicious activities.  

Other Key Factors to Consider  

Third-Party Risks  

Family offices are increasingly turning to third-party service providers such as legal consultants, IT specialists, and financial advisors to manage their complex operations. 

While these experts bring essential skills and knowledge, they also introduce potential risks. If third-party vendors are not closely monitored or properly vetted, they can create weak points in the overall security framework of the family office.  

Many family offices struggle with resource constraints, making it difficult to effectively oversee these external relationships. Without adequate oversight, external vendors who don’t uphold strong security standards can lead to data breaches, cyber attacks, and fraud, all of which can significantly harm the family office. 

The lack of oversight is especially problematic when smaller, less obvious vendors such as those handling maintenance or personal services are involved. These vendors often don’t have the same level of cyber security infrastructure as larger organisations, which makes them potential targets for cyber criminals. While these third parties may not be directly responsible for the family office’s core financial or technological operations, their systems might still hold personal or sensitive information that could be exploited if compromised.  

Recommendations: 

  • Conduct rigorous security audits and regular reviews of third-party vendors to ensure they adhere to industry standards. 
  • Establish strict service-level agreements (SLAs) that hold third-party vendors accountable for their security practices. 
  • Implement a formal third-party risk management programme that ensures continuous monitoring and assessment of all external relationships. 

Physical Security of Assets 

Family offices often hold significant physical assets, ranging from estates and artwork to luxury vehicles and real estate spread across various jurisdictions. These assets, while not subject to the same risks as digital data, are nonetheless vulnerable to theft, damage, or loss. Managing and securing such physical assets requires a strategic, tailored approach that considers their value and vulnerability. 

Furthermore, physical security overlaps with risk management. The security of tangible assets needs to be integrated into the broader security strategy, considering both the risk of loss and the need for effective insurance coverage. 

Recommendations: 

  • Regularly assess and prioritise high-value physical assets to determine the appropriate level of security required. 
  • Implement comprehensive physical security measures, including surveillance, secure storage, and personnel if necessary. 
  • Regularly review insurance policies to ensure that all assets are adequately protected and ensure the right risk-transfer strategies are in place. 

Generational Risk Factors 

The most critical assets in a family office are the family members themselves. However, risk appetite varies between generations. The older generation may prioritise discretion and risk avoidance, while younger family members often have a more open relationship with technology, increasing digital exposure. 

Balancing these differences is essential to creating a security strategy that respects personal freedoms while safeguarding the family’s long-term interests. 

Recommendations: 

  • Adopt a measured, risk-based approach that aligns with the needs of both older and younger generations. 
  • Provide security education tailored to different levels of technical proficiency. 
  • Implement security controls that are effective yet minimally invasive. 

Have a plan 

Despite the increasing frequency of cyber -attacks, many family offices remain unprepared to respond effectively to a breach. According to recent reports, 31% of family offices lack a formalised incident response plan, and another 43% say they have a plan but it “could be better,”1 leaving them vulnerable when an attack occurs. This lack of preparation exacerbates the impact of breaches, making recovery more difficult and prolonging business disruption. 

There is nothing in life we get right the first time, so why expect people to perform perfectly in a crisis? Organisations need to test their responses in advance, thrashing out scenarios and preparing for rapid activation and prudent de-escalation. Without a formal plan in place, the impact can be much more severe.  

Recommendations: 

  • Develop and regularly rehearse a formal incident response plan to ensure all staff know their roles in the event of a security breach. 
  • Invest in advanced threat detection systems to enable real-time alerts and mitigate the damage of an ongoing attack. 
  • Ensure that key staff are familiar with the plan and that communication channels are well-established and clear. 

It won’t happen to me  

Complacency, often driven by optimism bias, is one of the most dangerous threats to family offices. It is common for family offices to believe that because they don’t have a website and are quite discreet that it won’t happen to them. This false sense of invulnerability can lead to inadequate or outdated security practices, leaving the family office exposed. 

A recent report revealed that 43% of family offices have experienced a cyber attack in the past one to two years. And out of those, one-third suffered real damage, like losing confidential data or facing a financial hit as a result of the breach. This shows just how vulnerable even the most private, low-profile family offices are. Cyber criminals are no longer just targeting big names - they’re looking for weak spots anywhere they can find them. 

Essential Steps for Strengthening Family Office Security 

  1. Understand Your Risks. A thorough understanding of the risks facing your family office is the foundation of a strong security strategy. This involves recognising both the digital and physical threats that could compromise your critical assets. Risk assessments should be conducted regularly to identify weaknesses, whether they be in your cyber defences, physical security measures, or the systems used by third-party vendors.
  2. Find Trusted Advisors. It's critical to find advisors you can trust - those who have your best interests at heart. As your family office strategy evolves, advisors must understand the bigger picture, including upcoming transitions like generational shifts or structural changes. Legacy planning requires careful preparation, and advisors should understand both the financial strategies and the changing risk profile as the family evolves.
  3. Take a Converged Approach to Security. Integrate physical, cyber and people security measures. This includes understanding key vulnerabilities in your operations and addressing them through a combination of technology, policies, and training.
  4. Implement a Risk-Based Approach. Prioritise security investments based on the level of risk to your critical assets e.g. data, money, reputation, people. This allows you to allocate resources efficiently, ensuring the most vulnerable areas receive the necessary attention.
  5. Think like an attacker. Regularly engage external experts to perform threat simulations, penetration tests, and other forms of independent security evaluations. 
  6. Use Trusted Third-Party Service Providers. Vetting and regularly reviewing third-party relationships is essential for maintaining security. Ensure that your vendors adhere to robust security standards and undergo regular security audits.
  7. Develop an Incident Response Plan. Even with the best security measures in place, breaches can still occur. Therefore, it's critical to have a contingency plan for when things go wrong. This plan should outline the steps to take in the event of a cyber -attack, physical security breach, or any other crisis. Ensure that all key staff are familiar with the plan and that communication channels are clear. A well-rehearsed response plan can help minimise the impact of an incident and ensure a swift return to normal operations.
  8. Educate and Train Staff. Regularly train staff on recognising potential threats, such as phishing attacks or social engineering. Make sure they understand their roles in the family office’s security framework.
  9. Understand your Cyber Insurance Policy. Family offices should review their cyber insurance policies to ensure they provide adequate coverage for data breaches, business interruption, and ransomware attacks. It's also a good practice to have your trusted security provider written into the policy as part of the incident response team to ensure a coordinated and efficient response to any potential breach.
  10. Understand and Manage Your Digital Footprint. Family offices must understand their digital footprint. This includes understanding what information about the family and their assets is publicly available online, as well as monitoring information on social media platforms that may expose sensitive personal details. 

Get the basics right 

The foundation of any strong security system is built on basic principles, and these are often the ones that are missed. Simple steps, such as keeping software up to date, implementing multi-factor authentication, and regularly backing up data, are often overlooked but are essential for mitigating the risk of an attack. 

Recommendations: 

  • Regularly back up important data to secure, encrypted cloud storage or other offsite solutions. 
  • Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all critical accounts to add an extra layer of protection. 
  • Use virtual private networks (VPNs) to secure internet connections, particularly when working remotely or in public places. 
  • Regularly update and patch all devices and software to close security vulnerabilities. 
  • Tools like password managers help create and store strong, unique passwords for every account. 
  • Be mindful of the risks posed by smartphones, including the potential for them to act as microphones, cameras, and GPS tracking devices. 

Ultimately, the key to long-term security lies in a proactive, risk-based approach one that combines the right technology, policies, and ongoing vigilance to safeguard the family’s legacy, assets, and reputation.  

Engaging with trusted security experts and continuously adapting to the evolving threat landscape will be critical in ensuring that family offices remain secure, operational, and protected in an increasingly hostile environment. 

To discuss how Toro can help secure your family office, then please get in touch.

 

 

 

 

References

1 https://www.deloitte.com/nl/en/services/deloitte-private/about/family-office-cybersecurity-report.html